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Edward William Frank James (1907–1984) was a British poet known for his patronage of the surrealist art movement. ==Early life and marriage== Edward James was born on 16 August 1907, the only son of William James who, at twenty five years of age (1879), had inherited a fortune from his father, Liverpool-based American merchant Daniel James (Daniel James's will, CODICIL 13th day of April 1876) and had married Evelyn Forbes, a Scots socialite, who was reputedly fathered by the Prince of Wales (later Edward VII).〔Margaret Hooks, ("Surreal Eden: Edward James & Las Pozas" ), Princeton Architectural Press, New York, 2006, ISBN 978-1-56898-612-8, p.14〕 In his anecdotal reminiscences recorded in "Swans Reflecting Elephants – My Early Years", Edward James also puts forward this hypothesis. However, there was also popular belief that Evelyn may have been one of the Prince of Wales's mistresses and there was a "much quoted" ballad by Hilaire Belloc at the time that intimated this.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.rvondeh.dircon.co.uk/incalmprose/james.html )〕 Edward James had four older sisters: Audrey, Millicent, Xandra, and Silvia. He was educated at Lockers Park School,〔Michael Bloch, ''James Lees-Milne: The Life'' (John Murray, 2009, ISBN 978-0-7195-6034-7), p. 17〕 then briefly at Eton, then at Le Rosey in Switzerland, and finally at Christ Church, Oxford, where he was a contemporary of Evelyn Waugh and Harold Acton. When his father died in 1912 he inherited the West Dean House estate in Sussex, held in trust until he came of age. He was also left a large sum in trust when his uncle John Arthur James died in 1917. James's first sponsorship of note was in publishing John Betjeman's first book of poems when at Oxford. He worked with Brian Howard on the Glass Omnibus. After Oxford, James had a brief career as a trainee diplomat at the embassy in Rome. He was asked to send a coded message to London that the Italians had laid the keels for three destroyers, but got the code wrong; the message said "300 destroyers". Shortly after this he was sent "on indefinite leave". In the early 1930s, James married Tilly Losch, an Austrian dancer, choreographer, actress and painter. He had several productions created expressly for her, the most notable of which was ''Les Ballets 1933'', which included Kurt Weill, Lotte Lenya and George Balanchine. He and Boris Kochno commissioned that year Brecht and Weill's last collaboration, ''The Seven Deadly Sins'', which Balanchine produced, directed and choreographed. James divorced Losch in 1934, accusing her of adultery with Prince Serge Obolensky, an American hotel executive; her countersuit, in which she made it clear that James was homosexual, failed.〔Coleby, Nicola, "A Surreal Life: Edward James, 1907–1984", Exhibition Catalogue, Royal Pavilion (Brighton, 1998).〕 James was in fact bisexual.〔(Francine du Plessix Gray, Onward and Upward with the Arts, “The Surrealists’ Muse” ), ''The New Yorker'', 24 September 2007, p. 136〕 After the divorce, James joined a social set in England which included the Mitford sisters and the composer Lord Berners. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Edward James」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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